Radiation therapy is a common treatment option for stomach cancer, often used in conjunction with surgery and chemotherapy. Understanding what to expect during this process can help patients feel more prepared and less anxious about their treatment journey.

Types of Radiation Therapy

There are primarily two types of radiation therapy used for stomach cancer: external beam radiation therapy (EBRT) and internal radiation therapy, also known as brachytherapy. EBRT directs high-energy rays from outside the body to the affected area. In contrast, brachytherapy involves placing radioactive material directly inside or near the tumor. Your oncologist will determine the most appropriate method based on your specific situation.

Preparation Steps Before Treatment

Before starting radiation therapy, patients may undergo several preparatory steps:

• Consultation: Discuss treatment goals, side effects, and the radiation plan with your healthcare team.
• Simulation: This initial session usually involves imaging tests like CT scans or MRIs to map out the treatment area. Markers may be placed on the skin to ensure precision.
• Dietary Considerations: Depending on your treatment plan, dietary adjustments may be necessary. Consult a dietitian for tailored nutrition advice.

The Radiation Therapy Process

On the day of treatment, expect the following:

• Preparation: Arrive early to allow time for check-in. You will likely change into a gown and lie down on a treatment table.
• Positioning: The radiation therapist will position you carefully to ensure accuracy. It’s essential to remain still during treatment.
• Delivery: The radiation machine will be aligned to deliver the precise dose to the tumor. The actual radiation exposure typically lasts only a few minutes.
• Support: A therapist will be in the room during treatment, and you can communicate with them if you have any concerns.

Frequency and Duration of Treatment

Treatment schedules can vary widely. Most patients receive radiation therapy five days a week over a period of several weeks. The total number of sessions will depend on the specific treatment plan designed by your oncologist.

Potential Side Effects

Radiation therapy may cause side effects, which can vary from person to person:

• Fatigue: Many patients experience increased tiredness, especially as treatment progresses.
• Skin Reactions: The area being treated may become reddened, irritated, or sensitive.
• Gastrointestinal Issues: Patients may experience nausea, vomiting, or changes in appetite and digestion.

Managing side effects is crucial. Your healthcare team can provide medications and recommendations to relieve discomfort.

After Treatment: Follow-Up Care

After completing radiation therapy, follow-up appointments are essential. Your healthcare provider will monitor your recovery, address any lingering side effects, and evaluate your overall progress. It's important to report any new symptoms or concerns promptly.

Support Systems

Coping with a stomach cancer diagnosis and treatment can be challenging. Consider joining support groups or speaking with mental health professionals. Family and friends can also play a vital role in providing emotional support during this time.

Being informed about what to expect during radiation therapy can help alleviate anxiety and contribute to a more positive treatment experience. Always communicate openly with your healthcare team to ensure you understand your treatment plan and any potential side effects.