How Leukemia Treatment Affects Your Kidney Function

Leukemia treatment is a complex process that involves various therapies, including chemotherapy, radiation, and sometimes stem cell transplants. While these treatments are essential for combating cancer, they can also have significant impacts on kidney function. Understanding these effects is crucial for managing both leukemia and kidney health.

Types of Leukemia Treatments

Leukemia treatments vary depending on the type of leukemia, its stage, and the patient’s overall health. The most common treatments include:

• Chemotherapy: Uses drugs to kill cancer cells or stop their growth.
• Radiation Therapy: Involves high-energy radiation to target cancerous cells.
• Targeted Therapy: Uses drugs that specifically target cancer cell mechanisms.
• Stem Cell Transplant: Replaces damaged bone marrow with healthy cells.

Impact of Chemotherapy on Kidney Function

Chemotherapy can adversely affect the kidneys in several ways. Some chemotherapy drugs are nephrotoxic, meaning they can damage kidney cells and impair their ability to filter waste. These effects can lead to:

• Acute Kidney Injury (AKI): A sudden decline in kidney function, often reversible but requiring medical intervention.
• Fluid and Electrolyte Imbalance: Changes in kidney function can disrupt the balance of fluids and electrolytes like potassium and sodium.

Regular monitoring of kidney function during chemotherapy is essential to catch any issues early. Blood tests measuring creatinine levels and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) can help assess kidney function.

Effects of Radiation Therapy

Radiation therapy aimed at the abdomen can also affect kidney function. The kidneys are sensitive to radiation, and exposure during treatment may lead to fibrosis, which is the scarring of kidney tissue. This can result in:

• Decreased Kidney Function: Over time, scarred kidneys may struggle to filter blood effectively.
• Long-term Health Effects: Patients may develop chronic kidney disease, necessitating ongoing monitoring and management.

Targeted Therapy and Kidney Health

While targeted therapies are designed to minimize harm to healthy cells, they can still have side effects. Some newer medications can lead to hypertension and electrolyte abnormalities, impacting kidney function indirectly. Regular follow-up and management can help address these issues.

Tips for Protecting Kidney Function During Leukemia Treatment

Maintaining kidney health during leukemia treatment is possible with proactive measures:

• Stay Hydrated: Adequate fluid intake helps the kidneys function properly and flush out toxins.
• Monitor Blood Pressure: High blood pressure can strain the kidneys, so regular checks are important.
• Follow Dietary Recommendations: A balanced diet low in sodium and rich in fruits and vegetables can support overall health.
• Communicate with Your Healthcare Team: Always discuss any new symptoms or concerns with your doctor, especially related to kidney function.

Conclusion

Leukemia treatment can have a profound impact on kidney function, with risks associated with chemotherapy, radiation, and targeted therapies. Understanding these effects helps in managing treatments and maintaining kidney health. Regular monitoring, hydration, and communication with healthcare providers are essential steps in safeguarding kidney function during leukemia treatment.